Which of the following actions is explicitly prohibited in the context of client relationships?

Borrowing money from clients is explicitly prohibited in the context of client relationships due to the potential for exploitation and conflict of interest. Therapists must maintain professional boundaries to safeguard the therapeutic relationship and ensure that the client's wellbeing remains the primary focus. Engaging in financial transactions outside the professional context can compromise the therapist's objectivity, create an imbalance in the relationship, and disrupt the therapeutic process. Moreover, it raises ethical concerns about the power dynamics between the therapist and client, as the client may feel pressured to comply with the therapist’s financial requests, undermining their autonomy.

In contrast, the other actions listed—offering discounted sessions, engaging in friendly social gatherings, and providing referrals to family members—may not be inherently unethical but can require careful consideration and management of boundaries. These activities could be permissible if handled with caution and transparency, ensuring they do not compromise the therapeutic relationship or the client's welfare.